The new discovery of up-regulated proteins and elucidation of pathogenic mechanisms could provide some important insights into the treatment of hepatitis C. Tsutsumi et al. (2009) reported that the prohibitin expression is up-regulated not only in the HCV cells expressing core-protein, but also in the whole genome replication cells as well as the liver of core-gene transgenic mice [15]. Here, PHB1 is linked to hepatitis C virus infection.