HSPA1A and neoplasm: Ex vivo activation of NK cells from patients with metastasized colon and lung cancer by IL-2/TKD peptide treatment has been tested for its tolerability, feasibility, and safety in phase I clinical trial.93 The activated NK cells show cytolytic activity to surface HSP70 (HSP70-1 and/or HSP70-2) positive tumor cells in vivo and most patients experienced no negative side effects.