CD34 and chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive: In this study, we investigated the effects of Icaritin on growth of the Bcr/Abl-bearing K562 [17], primary CML cells (including CD34+ cells), and imatinib-resistant cells, and found that Icaritin inhibited growth and induced apoptosis and differentiation in these cells, which provides strong rationales for potential clinical application of Icaritin as a novel agent against CML.