Atherosclerosis involves growth factors, cytokines and vaso-regulatory factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGH), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor -α (TNF-α) [19,20]. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is atherosclerosis.