Furthermore, curcumin also reduced the invasion and strongly induced apoptosis in the human estrogen receptor-α (ER-α)-negative and aggressive MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line in vitro concomitant with a down-regulation of the NF-κB survival pathway and expression levels of inflammatory cytokines CXCL1 and CXCL2, CXCR4 and MMP [35,36]. Here, ESR1 is linked to breast carcinoma.