INSL3 and cryptorchidism: Ferlin et al [12] examined 600 boys with cryptorchidism and found 2 cases with a mutation in the gene encoding the protein required for correct testicle descent, insulin-like 3 (INSL3), and 5 cases with a mutation in the gene encoding its receptor (leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 8 (LGR8; also known as GREAT).