Considering that CD4 T cells supporting active HIV infection have higher levels of surface LFA-1 expression and that LtxA has been shown to preferentially target activated CD4 T cells expressing higher levels of LFA-1, we examined whether LtxA treatment can target the infected CD4 T cells and reduce the levels of viral DNA in the PBMCs of HIV-infected individuals. The gene discussed is ITGAL; the disease is HIV infectious disease.