When the homozygous MDM2 SNP309 T/T genotype was used as the reference group, the MDM2 SNP309 G/G and T/G genotypes were associated with a significantly increased risk for HCC (OR 3.56, 95% CI 1.3-9.7; OR 2.82, 95% CI 1.3-6.4, respectively). This evidence concerns the gene MDM2 and hepatocellular carcinoma.