On the other hand, patients diagnosed with reduced sperm counts (oligo-, oligoasthenoterato-, crypto- or azoospermia; n = 23) had significantly reduced hCG levels compared with normozoospermic men (0.097 ± 0.022 vs. 0.203 ± 0.040 ng/ml, P = 0.028, Figure 3A). Here, CGA is linked to Azoospermia.