GHRL and cancer: Most importantly, tamoxifen was also able to reduce In1-ghrelin mRNA levels while tended to increase native-ghrelin expression in MDA-MB-231 cells, an observation with potential patho-physiological implications since tamoxifen is currently a primary line of therapy for the treatment of estrogen receptor (ER) positive breast cancers and the ghrelin axis has been reported to exert relevant actions in cancer cells [7].