While it is well established that Pdx1 (also known as maturity onset diabetes of the young [MODY] 4 [6], [7], [8]) is required for MPC specification as well as for proper adult islet function [9], [10], [11], Pdx1 has also recently been shown to regulate Ngn3 directly in cooperation with Hnf6 [12]. Here, PDX1 is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.