Beside a CD4 cell count below 50/mm3 (HR: 5.7, IQR: 1.6-17.8, p = 0.003), moderate to severe anemia remained independently associated with an increased risk of death in multivariate analysis (HR: 6.5, IQR: 2.0-21.2, p = 0.002) (Table 2), This association remained significant after eliminating subjects with tuberculosis co-infection, which is an important risk factor for death. The gene discussed is CD4; the disease is anemia.