Inhibition of Ad5-associated inflammation by Ad5 E1A, E1B, and E3 proteins [11] suggests that the E1+/E3+ Ad5's incompetence to induce an anti-influenza state (Fig. 2) may be attributed to suppression of inflammation, although other mechanisms cannot be excluded since ΔE1E3 Ad5 particles induce many immune as well as non-immune responses and some reactions remain undefined in animals [12]. Here, PSEN2 is linked to influenza.