In contrast, other studies found either a reduction or lack of changes in the VEGF-VEGFR system in experimental or clinical studies of MGN [81, 84], MPGN [85, 86], crescentic glomerulonephritis [87], or focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) [76]. This evidence concerns the gene VEGFA and primary membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis.