CD4 and HIV infectious disease: Immune activation of the T cell compartment (e.g., CD8+ T cells), alterations of memory T cell subsets and depletion of innate immune subsets (e.g., NK and dendritic cells) are associated with advanced HIV infection [1,13-17]; however, while most of these cell subsets are at least partially recovered on ART, even though with different kinetics, their potential association with early CD4 recovery has not been explored.