TNF and polycystic ovary syndrome: Recent studies demonstrated that metformin treatment increased adiponectin plasma levels in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) [23] and T2DM patients [24] while metformin treatment tends to decrease IL-6 plasma levels [23] as well as circulating levels of leptin [25] in PCOS patients, and significantly reduces resistin and TNF-α plasma levels [24] in T2DM patients.