Previous reports show that galectin-3 can induce the NF-κB pathway and activation of downstream target genes [69], and that inhibition of galectin-3 with modified citrus pectin (GCS-100) [42] impairs TNF-α induced activation of NF-κB by hampering IKKα phosphorylation of MM cells [70]. Here, TNF is linked to Miyoshi myopathy.