CX3CL1 and carcinoma: By contrast, soluble CX3CL1 (sCX3CL1) released in the tumor microenvironment may be an active component of the anti-tumor response [18]–[21], making the vaccination of mice with carcinoma cells modified to produce CX3CL1 a potent anti-tumor response due to the chemoattraction of NK cells [22], or making CX3CL1 expression by colon cancer cells a factor that drastically reduced their metastatic potential [23].