Among the three human bladder cancer cell lines, T24, 5637 and KK47, originated from tumours of three different histological grades: III, II and I (Bubenik et al, 1973; Kotoh et al, 1997), T24 showed the strongest EMT feature, characterised by loss of mRNA expressions of E-cadherin and cytokeratin, and overexpressions of mRNA of vimentin, SNAIL, Slug, Twist and Zeb1 (Figure 2). Here, VIM is linked to urinary bladder cancer.