CSF1 and breast carcinoma: Among these, CC chemokines, particularly CCL2 (formally monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 or MCP-1) and CCL5, and growth factors such as colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are strongly implicated in macrophage recruitment in various tumors including breast cancer [88].