In addition to these vascular effects, GLP-1 or GLP-1 receptor agonists demonstrated multiple beneficial actions on the heart including protection of myocardium from ischemia in rats [90], improvement of cardiac function in rats with congestive heart failure [91] and attenuation of ischemic left ventricular dysfunction during stress echocardiography in patients with coronary artery disease [92]. This evidence concerns the gene GLP1R and ischemia.