Similar to levels of apical IP-10 expression (Fig. 7E), AIV isolated from chickens, i.e. PA/93 (H5N2) and TX/02 (H5N3), induced higher levels of apical and basolateral RANTES expression compared to infection by the wild bird isolate, MI/06 (H5N1) Fig. 7I and J). Here, CXCL10 is linked to infection.