Genotoxic agents, such as the chemotherapeutic agent cisplatin, modulate the activity of the kinase, IKK, that signals for phosphorylation and degradation of the cytoplasmic NF-kB inhibitor iKBα ~Interestingly, this IKK pathway was previously linked to squamous cell carcinoma progression [44] Degradation of iKBα releases NF-kB from cytoplasmic retention and permits translocation to the nuclear compartment [30]. Here, NFKB1 is linked to squamous cell carcinoma.