MEFV and familial Mediterranean fever: Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is an autosomal recessive hereditary disease which is characterized by recurrent attacks of fever and peritonitis, pleuritis, arthritis, or erysipelas-like skin disease.1 The gene associated with FMF (MEFV) was isolated in 1997 by two independent groups.2,3 It encodes a 781 amino acid protein named pyrinmarenostrin, which suppresses inflammation via interaction with peptides and cytokines involved in this process.