VIM and breast carcinoma: Expression of the E-cadherin repressor proteins, SNAIL, TWIST, ZEB1 (EF1), LCN2 and KLF8 is increased in EMT, with concurrent loss of cytokeratins such as CK8, 18, and 19 and the appearance of N-cadherin (CDH12) and/or cadherin-11 [13], [14], [21] and most critically of vimentin (VIM), the archetypal mesenchymal marker that is over-expressed in breast carcinomas undergoing EMT and exhibiting increased cell migration and invasion [10], [22].