FOS and cancer: The importance of JUN expression in cancer development may indicate that its down-regulation could provide beneficial effects in controlling cancer and that the consequential up-regulation of a few less important cancer-promoting genes may be tolerated in view of the overall benefits achieved by controlling JUN. However, highly significant changes in FOS (16↑) and FOSB (61↑) after 1 h of LH treatment indicate an enhanced regulation in cell proliferation, malignant transformation, and invasion.