Exenatide b.i.d. has been reported to reduce C-reactive protein, a measure of inflammation,92,93 total adiponectin, and the oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde compared with insulin glargine in studies of ≤52 weeks duration.93,94 In addition, 52 weeks of exenatide b.i.d. treatment reduced resistin and retinol binding protein-4 (measures of insulin resistance), as well as C-reactive protein concentrations, compared with glibenclamide.95 This evidence concerns the gene CRP and Insulin resistance.