INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus: It is known that GLP-1 enhances insulin secretion in a glucose-dependent manner, meaning that insulin secretion is most demonstrable when plasma glucose is abnormally elevated and not seen when plasma glucose is below the normoglycemic range, thereby resulting in low risk of hypoglycemia.10 The effect on the β-cell is immediate and robust, namely restoration of first-phase insulin secretion,10 a well-characterized defect seen early in T2D and not corrected by other pharmacological interventions.