Mechanistically, this was demonstrated in an elegant stepped hypoglycemic clamp setting during a concomitant infusion of exenatide, where the stimulatory actions on β-cells and suppressing actions on α-cells were over-ridden promptly once plasma glucose dropped below 90 mg/dL,21 thus allowing the primary counter-regulatory responses to hypoglycemia (i.e. suppression of insulin secretion from β-cells and a robust glucagon release from α-cells) to occur unabated. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is Hypoglycemia.