LGALS3 and Familial prostate cancer: In contrast, Califice et al. did not observe any effect of Gal-3 expression on proliferation of prostate cancer cells in any constellation, and reported that Matrigel invasion, anchorage-independent growth and nude mouse xenograft formation was promoted only by cytoplasmic Gal-3 expression, while nuclear localization of Gal-3 had the opposite effect [37].