In addition, FRMD3 allele frequencies in the 513 AA with T2DM lacking nephropathy were not significantly different compared to the 1,671 non-diabetic, non-nephropathy controls, whether or not stratified on MYH9 E1 haplotype homozygosity (all p-values>6E−1). The gene discussed is FRMD3; the disease is Nephropathy.