We have performed a cross-sectional analysis of YKL-40 levels in relation to albuminuria in patients with T2D; however long-time studies are needed to clarify whether an increase in YKL-40 levels in both T1D and T2D patients is a consequence of a general progressing atherosclerotic disease, or whether YKL-40 can predict or contribute to microvascular and macrovascular disease in these patients. The gene discussed is CHI3L1; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.