APC and carcinoma: We have identified several miRNAs (miR-31, miR-1, miR-9, miR-99a, miR-137 and miR-135b) that show significant differential expression in adenomas compared to normal colon tissue, with several of these linked to critical pathways previously identified for CC, including APC/WNT signaling and cMYC. The finding of several novel miRNAs provide the opportunity to identify associations with known CC pathways or the identification of novel pathways and mechanisms that might be important in the transition from normal to adenoma and from adenoma to carcinoma.