VCAM1 and endothelial dysfunction: Recently, the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study did not find that biomarkers of subclinical inflammation (hsCRP, IL-6, soluble tumor necrosis factor-receptor 2) and of endothelial dysfunction (E-selection, ICAM-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1) contribute to the prediction of incident type 2 diabetes over and above clinical risk factors and fasting glucose [37].