VEGFA and cholangiocarcinoma: Recently, a new treatment strategy for CC has been proposed, in the light of better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of carcinogenesis: it has been proposed that receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), vascular epithelial growth factor (VEGF) and c-Met, are promising targets for treatment of CC (Socoteanu et al, 2008; Yoshikawa et al, 2008).