IL5 and infection: The STH infection effect (combined light and chronic infection groups) was associated with greater production of GM-CSF (P = 0.02) and IL-2 (P = 0.004) (Figures 1E & F) and the chronic STH infection effect with greater levels of GM-CSF (P = 0.007), IL-2 (P = 0.03), IL-5 (P = 0.01), and IL-10 (P = 0.01) (Figures 1 I–L).