We hence genotyped a large cohort (n = 585) of Italian obese subjects (mean body mass index (BMI) = 42 ± 8 kg/m2) for the two sequence variants in APOC3 gene promoter (rs2854116 [-455 T/C] and rs2854117 [-482 C/T]), aiming to evaluate the association between APOC3 variants and alanine transaminase levels, triglyceride levels and insulin resistance, in subjects with a higher predisposition to an altered metabolic profile. Here, APOC3 is linked to Insulin resistance.