CSF2 and neoplasm: As shown in Figure 2C, MDSC-induction capacity correlated directly with tumor cell line expression of IL-1β, IL-6, TNFα, VEGF, and GM-CSF (p <0.05 for ANOVA followed by Dunnett test for pairwise comparisons between inducing and non-inducing cell lines for each factor, and p <0.05 for linear regression analysis of suppressive induction capacity with level of cytokine production).