EGFR and neoplasm: In three trials (SATURN, BR.21 and ISEL), patients with tumours showing positive EGFR immunostaining had a significantly reduced risk of death or progression with TKI treatment vs placebo (Tsao et al, 2005; Hirsch et al, 2006; Brugger et al, 2009) with hazard ratios (HRs) of 0.68–0.77 in favour of EGFR TKI therapy (Table 1).