In the ISEL study, there were too few patients with mutations for survival subset analysis (Hirsch et al, 2006), whereas in the SATURN trial, a remarkable PFS benefit was observed in patients with tumours with EGFR mutations in the erlotinib arm (HR 0.10; P<0.0001; Brugger et al, 2009). This evidence concerns the gene EGFR and neoplasm.