Given that there is unquestionable benefit in terms of PFS, RR and quality of life in the first-line setting, and that only a subgroup of patients will be suitable for second-line treatment, EGFR TKIs should be recommended in NSCLC patients harbouring EGFR mutations for first-line treatment (D’Addario et al, 2010). This evidence concerns the gene EGFR and non-small cell lung carcinoma.