Interestingly, the lung cells from BCG-vaccinated/rHBHA-boosted mice also produced higher amounts of TGF-β (2240 ± 290 pg/mL) after i.n. infection, in comparison with non-boosted mice (1707 ± 122 pg/mL) and the controls (489 ± 277). The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is infection.