In humans, low levels of adiponectin are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease that includes a characteristic profile of metabolic syndrome, such as a low level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), high triglyceride (TG) levels and insulin resistance (Matsubara et al., 2002; Cnop et al., 2003; Ryo et al., 2004; Trujillo and Scherer, 2005). This evidence concerns the gene ADIPOQ and metabolic syndrome.