Active research is presently underway to determine whether ADH3, also termed formaldehyde dehydrogenase (FDH) or S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GNSO), which has been shown to play a key role in the enzymatic oxidation of formaldehyde and reduction of nitrosothiols that regulate bronchial tone, may also play a role in the risk of asthma (Staab et al., 2009; Thompson et al., 2009). The gene discussed is ADH5; the disease is asthma.