TNF and infection: To advance in the knowledge of cytokine secretion from previous studies [20], where production of IFN-α was assessed, we have analyzed the production of an array of 25 cytokines by MDDC of asymptomatic HIV-1-infected patients after infection with MVA and MVA-B, and we found that the secretion of 13 of such mediators (IFN-α, IL1-ra, IL-12p40/p70, IL-15, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IP-10/CXCL10, MCP-1/CCL2, MIG/CXCL9, MIP-1α/CCL3, MIP-1β/CCL4, RANTES/CCL5 and TNF-α) was upregulated.