MAPK3 and renal cell carcinoma: While, Specific inhibition of ERK1/2 phosphorylation by a variety of natural and synthetic compounds has been shown to be effective in anticancer strategy in the treatment of breast cancer [37], [38].To better understand the molecular mechanisms that underlie the anti-RCC tumor effects of IL-22, we assessed the phosphorylation of STAT1 and ERK1/2 in A498 cells after rhIL-22 treatment.