These include HLA-DR and HLA-DQ, IL-4 receptor alpha chain (IL-4RA)polymorphisms, IL-10-1082GA promoter polymorphisms, surfactant protein A2 (SP-A2)polymorphisms, and cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene (CFTR) mutations.The studies indicate that ABPA patients are genetically at risk to develop skewed and heightenedTh2 responses to A. fumigatus antigens. Here, CFTR is linked to allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis.