In view of a potential role of Group I CD1 glycoprotein-dependent presentation of mycobacterial lipids to T-cells, it is reasonable to hypothesize that pharmacological or biological agents able to modulate CD1 expression could modify host's responses against infectious diseases, including infections caused by M. tuberculosis. Therefore, the aim of the present short survey is to illustrate the data presently available in the literature, relative to the influence that can be exerted by external agents on Group I CD1 molecule expression. This evidence concerns the gene CD1C and infectious disease.