Regarding the role of receptor tyrosine kinase alterations in familial carcinogenesis, germ line mutations in KIT have been described in familial gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GIST), RET mutations are involved familial medullary thyroid cancers and other endocrine cancer predisposition syndromes and MET mutations have been found in papillary renal cancer syndrome among others [34]. This evidence concerns the gene KIT and medullary thyroid gland carcinoma.