The anti-inflammatory and beneficial effect of type I interferons such as IFN-α and IFN-β in autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis and uveitis [2], [3], [25]–[27] contrasts with a pro-inflammatory role for IFN-α in systemic lupus erythematosus and dermatomyositis [33]-[34]. The gene discussed is IFNB1; the disease is multiple sclerosis.