In this context, Cotterell et al. [24] showed that infection with L. donovani induced an increase in myelopoiesis (granulocytes and monocytes) with the mobilisation of the progenitors cells to the peripheral blood being associated with higher levels of granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and colony forming units (GM-CFU). The gene discussed is CSF2; the disease is infection.