To elucidate which domain of LPP3 regulates β-catenin stability and CYCLIN-D1 expression, thereby potentiating SW480 tumor growth, we prepared pLNCX2-based vector alone (construct-a), wild-type (construct-b, hLPP3), adhesion defective mutant (construct-c, hLPP3-RAD), phosphatase-inactive mutant (construct-d, hLPP3-PI), and double mutant (construct-e, hLPP3-RAD + PI) constructs (Figure 7A). Here, RRAD is linked to neoplasm.