Coupled with the finding of an equivalent total (CD45RA+ and CD45RA−) effector∶effector memory ratio in InfCh compared to ENCh in both the CD4+ and CD8+ compartments (Fig. 5A), infection in children was not associated with a shift in effector/effector memory phenotype as seen in adults with filarial infection. The gene discussed is CD4; the disease is infection.