The shorter time to dialysis seen in the CREATE trial, a higher composite rate of death, myocardial infarction, and hospitalization for CHF in the early-terminated CHOIR study, and the higher stroke risk in the TREAT trial weigh against these quality of life improvements and suggest that normalizing Hb in this population is not warranted and potentially hazardous. The gene discussed is GSTM1; the disease is congestive heart failure.